Saturday, October 5, 2019
Aldi moves beyond competing on price Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Aldi moves beyond competing on price - Essay Example In the process they have also changed competitive environment. In the face of such changing economy supermarkets like ALDI should respond to its environment, and take strategic actions to not only sustain growth but also improve on its competitive position in the industry. The UK supermarket industry in 2008 accounted for retail sales of approximately  £124.1bn and performed well compared to other industries despite market gloom (Verdict 2009). This combined output has been generated by the various categories of supermarkets - large grocery retailers, regional retailers, fascia group, convenience stores, LADs (limited assortment discounters), frozen food retailers and specialist retailers (Verdict 2009). Despite its financial size, the supermarkets industry is driven by the major large grocery retailers which account for 85 percent of its sales and four dominant supermarkets (Competition Commission 2008). Although, ALDIs direct competitors are Lidl and Netto, it is also competing with the other categories of retailers. Considering this scenario, ALDI which is a LAD must consider its competitive environment in order to devise strategic plans for sustainable growth. To analyze the industry, Michael Porters (1985) Five Forces Model is being used to gauge the competitive environment. The Five Forces include buyers bargaining power; suppliers bargaining power, threats of substitutes; threats of new entrants; and the degree of rivalry among the firms. These shall be analyzed as follows: The supermarkets are the price-takers according to the Competition Commission Report (2008) which means that the consumers have to buy at the price set by the supermarkets. The supermarkets compete based on prices which although allow consumers a wide range of retailers to choose from but the nature of the product (food) allows them to be
Friday, October 4, 2019
Research methods (surveys of work on exit strategies for business Essay
Research methods (surveys of work on exit strategies for business tenants) - Essay Example Different set of questionnaire were sent to tenants, landlords, solicitors and letting agents. The survey of the landlords, letting agents and solicitors were framed as representing an investigation into their overall activity rather than transaction specific questions. In the case of property research a mixed method of analysis of secondary data and survey and questionnaire method is often employed to conduct the research. Through the analysis of the secondary data the research would be able to get the numerical data for the completion of the empirical studies relating to the study, while the interviews and surveys bring out the qualitative aspects of the subject under study. In property researches meaningful results can be obtained only when the researcher combines quantitative data and qualitative information in his studies. In order to achieve the research objectives of ascertaining the impact of quantitative variations and to identify the salient features of different market mechanisms on the impact of the subject under study the adoption of mixed research methods is the appropriate suggestion. For instance in the study Corsby et al (2006) the interviews and surveys combined with the data provided by IPD made the research meaningful and gave precise answers to the research questions. Property Research Studies are not only used for Instrumental purposes to Underpin policy, but should also have a Normative Purpose Basically a clear and concise knowledge of the ontological and epistemological assumptions that explain the research studies and the process of research is necessary to (i) understand the interrelationship of research methodology and methods, (ii) avoid the resulting confusion on discussions relating to theoretical debates and approaches to social phenomena and (iii) be able to have a complete recognition of one's own and also others' position with respect to the issues related to the study (Jonathan Grix). The achieving of the above objectives along with the other objective of fully grasping the directional relationship of key components of the research process logically substantiates the view that the research studies are to have a normative purpose in addition to the instrumental purpose. It is important that the research studies encompass a normative approach so that the logical, directional relationship between the key components of research is clearly understood. Unless the normative purpose is taken into account, the quantitative data may not show the impact and influence of the questions the researcher is asking and also the type of project the research has undertaken to study. It is also not possible that a research may begin with the inference on any of the quantitative data at any stage. The researcher cannot first choose the research method and work backwards through the methodology to achieve his/her research objectives. By taking into account the normative purpose the researcher is allowed to follow a method-led approach to the research study than a question-led research. This makes the research questions point towards the most fitting research method. Unless a normative approach is followed the logic of interconnectedness between the key
Thursday, October 3, 2019
Transformational leadership on World health care Essay Example for Free
Transformational leadership on World health care Essay Introduction            Transformational leadership can be defined and utilized based on specific or relative circumstances in many varied ways. For one, it can be assessed as the task of simply increasing the efficiency of everyone through a scheme of excellence for the whole company or the improvement of the morale of an individual employee. The main assumption behind this approach is that when employees of a certain company or organization are working their tasks efficiently, the amount and quality of work done are proportionally affected. In essence, employees that are more efficient translate into far greater options and larger benefits. The correlation is thus an important aspect in the leadership skills of the heads of various companies and organizations.            For the most part, transformational leadership can be used as a tool not only in analyzing the crucial aspects of world health care but also in directly addressing the cases that shape the totality of the events related to the broad scope of global health care. The complexities involved in the cross-continental management and maintenance of the multitude of interrelated functions.            The task of meeting the multiple health care services across the different parts of the world that direly need immediate action calls forth an approach whereby the functioning of the wide number of health care service providers are efficiently met. Transformational leadership, following its basic principle, offers means in which the tasks required in addressing world health care are met. Noting further that transformational leadership aptly disperses the capabilities of the employees and, consequently, the different departments or institutions that comprise the whole of the company, the application of this approach on the various issues that are involved in the global arena of health care may eventually help alleviate the global challenge attached to world health care. A look into transformational leadership            Transformational leadership, in essence, signifies the role of the â€Å"leader†in directing the rest of his or her subordinates in a fitting manner that will bring about favorable results to the functioning of every employee, department, and of the whole company in the process. However, the apparent effect of the role of the leader on the subordinates in the company can be further observed and analyzed from a closer examination on what makes a leader able to affect his subordinates apart from the boss-subordinate relationship (Antonakis House, 2001).            One aspect that separates transformational leadership a cut above the rest is that it defines the extent to which a leader is seen as charismatic to his subordinates. The core principle behind this is that leaders should treat their subordinates or employees as individuals who are also capable of thinking for themselves, or individuals who are intellectually stimulating (Tichy Devanna, 2001).            By treating the lower â€Å"ranks†or departments of the company as entities capable of actually affecting the intellectual direction of the company, the employees will not merely serve as passive elements in the upbringing of the company but as active elements capable of pouring into that intellectual basin their knowledge on the affairs of the company.            The result will be that the efforts of the leader in guiding the direction of the company will be amplified since the employees are treated in a manner in which they are involved in the critical processes. Moreover, a good leader will bring about a heightened sense of life into the company. The role of transformational leadership in world health care            World health care has been a primary concern among the international community for the past few years. Many factors are attributed to the growing concern over the issues that are directly related to the problems that beset world health care.            Among the various countries that are in deep need of health care, those that belong to the third-world countries are most notable. Inasmuch as these countries lack the internal capacity to finance and support a growing demand for health care, these nations also have a relatively low means in achieving at least good health for a small fraction of the population. A very limited number of infrastructures and programs that are aimed at addressing the health care issues of these nations amplify the drastic situation even more.            This is the point wherein the international community has resorted to measures that will seek to address the current health issues that beset the citizens of countries suffering from low-health maintenance. For the most part, the international community has joined efforts in seeking out the best possible means in resolving these global health issues. The consequent effect to this is the creation of various international institutions that operate on the local levels of various countries.            Since the operations of these global institutions are tilted on a multitude of local areas, it is apparent that a number of workers are seen to be handling these local operations. In this light, the role of a transitional leadership is needed to take its shape.            By having a transitional leadership in the management of all the affairs taken by the various institutions, the possibility of having a full line of efficient institutions can take place. That is, by treating all the employees who will handle the tasks relative to the specific institutions in these international health offices as individuals capable of contributing to the think-tank process, the process will be further stimulated. These individuals, as partakers in the critical thinking process, are further empowered and acquire a higher role in the global effort of resolving world health care issues.            On the local level, these working individuals can be further guided according to the tasks by relegating a leader whose charisma gives positive effects to the working attitude and philosophy of the employees. Thus, the implementation of health policies from these various international institutions becomes an easy and efficient task in the case where employees have little or no defiance to the implementation of the tasks. Conclusion Far more importantly, transitional leadership allows the development of the employees in terms of their personal growth and in their working attitude. It contributes the international efforts in resolving the issues that beset world health care inasmuch as the international community operates on the local level or in the localities with poor health conditions, especially in communities belonging to the third-world countries. References Antonakis, J., House, R. J. (2001). Transformational Leadership. In B. J. Avolio F. Yammarino (Eds.), Transformational and Charismatic Leadership (pp. 3-66): JAI Press. Bhargava, S. (2003). Transformational Leadership: Value Based Management for Indian Organizations: Sage Publications Pvt. Ltd. Ginter, P. M., Duncan, W. J., Sappington, A. A., Swayne, L. E. (2005). Strategic Management of Health Care Organizations (5 ed.): Blackwell Publishing Incorporated. Porter, M. E., Teisberg, E. O. (2006). Redefining Health Care: Creating Value-Based Competition on Results (1 ed.): Harvard Business School Press. Tichy, N. M., Devanna, M. A. (2001). The Themes, The Protagonists, The Transformational Drama. In Transformational Leader (2 ed., pp. 8): Wiley.
Attendance System Using Fingerprint
Attendance System Using Fingerprint The project entitled ATTENDANCE SYSTEM USING FINGERPRINT is to provide an authentified attendance system for Roots Industries Limited. This software provides various information, which is useful for user as well as administrator. This software can be used as a whole in organization, or can partly used as separate modules, whenever needed. The project deals with capturing the thumb impression of the employee through the thumb scanner and authenticates with the already registered impression. Attendance will be marked for the matched employee. With the in-time and out-time, the total hours worked by the employee in a day and days worked for the month is calculated. The salary is calculated from loss of pay, basic pay, allowances, and deductions. One of the main advantages of this software is its user friendliness and validation can be done for each and every employee entered. New entries can be registered very easily and if not needed then it can be deleted from the software. The environments being used are VB.NET as front end and SQL Server as back end. This project is developed in the Operating System, Microsoft Windows XP. CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION This chapter contains the problem definition, about the system environment and the organization profile which gives details about the company. PROBLEM DEFINITION OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE The main objective of this project is to do the following operations Thumb impression Comparisons Attendance Calculation Payroll Calculation The scope of the project is to capture and verify the thumb impression of the employee. And also provide effective means to calculate attendance and payroll for the employee by using thumb impression. This project would greatly help in simplifying the manual attendance calculation and payroll calculation. PROBLEM DESCRIPTION This project makes use of fingerprint to authenticate the employee. This project makes use of the physical hardware device, the thumb scanner to capture the thumb impression of the employee. The Administrator registers the details of new workers. He also registers the unique thumb code of the employee generated by the Thumb scanner. This thumb code is generally an alphanumeric code and it is stored in the database. The employee uses the thumb scanner when he enters and leaves the work place for attendance marking. The generated code is matched with the stored thumb code in the database. The attendance is marked for the corresponding employee where thumb code matches with the generated ones. If there is no match with the thumb code then the administrator will take in charge to check whether the person is a new employee or not. The time duration between intime and outtime is calculated and it is stored as hours worked by the employee. Each time when the outtime is marked the duration is calculated and hours worked (field) is updated. The employee may take leave. The leave taken by the employee is calculated as loss of pay for him. It will be used to calculate net pay for the employee in the payroll calculation. During salary calculation the monthly attendance of the employee, loss of pay, the allowance such as HRA, DA and deductions such as PF, LIC are considered. 1.2 SYSTEM ENVIRONMENT HARDWARE REQUIREMENT Processor : Intel Pentium 4 Scanner : Thumb scanner Hard disk : 40 GB RAM : 224 MB CD-Drive : 48x with R/RW Floppy disk : 1.44 MB Display type : SVGA color monitor Keyboard : Standard 104 Keys Mouse : Logitech. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT Platform : Windows XP Front End : VB.NET Back End : SQL Server 1.3 ORGANIZATION PROFILE Park Solutions is emerging as one of the leaders in the field of software development by delivering comprehensive financial business solutions software and services. With state of the art facilities our software development centre caters to many diversified software requirements. Here challenging projects are undertaken by bright and enthusiastic teams using high-end software solutions and cutting edge technologies. MISSION Will to win in the competitive world by exceeding expectations. Achieving the hallmark of success, a platform to attract customers. Treating every goal/target as a challenge. Creating value at every angle/turn in each of the business units. Motivation through team work. VISION Innovation: Striving to be the best through being the first in all services and solutions. Quality Service: Always setting a target to exceed expectations. Diversity: Stamping the quality mark on a diversified community. Global View: Focus on the world market for constant improvement. Customer Satisfaction: Setting a chain reaction of satisfaction in each customer and creating reliability. FOCUS Serving the community for an improved and better life through its multi commitments in health care and other services. Providing means to the society for quality-oriented services. Opening new opportunities in the diversified business units. Keeping ahead with competitors in the market with services exceeding expectations. Conscientious contribution to the society through free health care services. CHAPTER II ANALYSIS This chapter contains the detailed description about the existing system and its disadvantages, the need for the proposed system and its advantages. The requirements specification is followed by the system analysis model. The system analysis model gives a clear representation of both the Entity Relationship diagram and the Data Flow diagram. 2.1 THE EXISTING SYSTEM The system currently used in the organization is manual work. The main drawbacks of the existing system is, It is time consuming process. There is a possibility for loss of records. Tedious paper work. Manual calculations may be wrong. 2.2 THE PROPOSED SYSTEM The proposed system will overcome all the difficulties of the existing system. The advantages of the proposed system is, The proposed system will provide best security than the existing system. Less time consuming. No records will be lost. Easy to maintain. The proposed system is easy to access and user friendly. No chance for duplication of thumb impression of employee. 2.3 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS EMPLOYEE DETAIL MANAGEMENT The administrator registers the details of new workers. He also registers the unique thumb code of the employee. The thumb code is generally an alphanumeric code. FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION The employee uses thumb scanner when he enters and leaves the work place The thumb scanner will generate the thumb code for the received impression. The generated code is matched with the stored thumb code in the database. If there is no match for the generated code an error message will be displayed. ATTENDANCE CALCULATION The attendance is marked for the matched impressions. The time duration between intime and outtime is calculated The time duration is stored as hours worked by the employee. Each time when the outtime is marked the duration is calculated and hours worked (field) is updated. PAYROLL CALCULATION The leave taken by the employee is calculated as loss of pay. The loss of pay will be used to calculate net pay for the employee. Salary calculation includes monthly attendance, loss of pay, the allowance such as HRA, DA and deductions such as PF, LIC. NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS Non functional are properties and qualities the software system must possess providing its intended functional requirements. Operational Requirements: These requirements specify the environment in which the software will be running, including, hardware platforms, external interfaces and operating systems. This project is done using VB.NET and SQL Server in XP environment. Performance Requirements: These requirements specify possibly lower and upper bounds on speed, calculation of time and storage characteristics of the software. The attendance and payroll calculation time is minimized. Maintainability Requirements: These requirements specify the expected response time for dealing with various maintenance activities. The maintenance of the fingerprint attendance system is good. Security Requirements: These requirements specify the levels and types of security mechanisms that need to be specified during the operations of the system. The attendance system is highly securable as we use thumb impression. 2.4 SYSTEM ANALYSIS MODEL 2.4.1 PROCESS MODEL LEVEL 0: CONTEXT FLOW DIAGRAM Fig 2.1 Context Flow Diagram This Fig 2.1 represents the Context Flow Diagram of the Attendance System using Fingerprint. The thumb impression of the employee is taken as input and the days worked by the employee are generated as output. LEVEL 1: DATA FLOW DIAGRAM Fig 2.2 Level 1 Data Flow Diagram This Fig 2.2 represents the Level 1 Data Flow Diagram of the Attendance System using Fingerprint this diagram explains how the attendance is calculated. The thumb code of the employee is taken as input and in-time or out-time of the employee is marked based on the entry or exit of the employee. From this, the days worked by the employee is calculated as output. LEVEL 2: DATA FLOW DIAGRAM Fig 2.3 Level 2 Data Flow Diagram This Fig 2.3 represents the Level 2 Data Flow Diagram of the Attendance System using Fingerprint. This diagram explains how the salary is calculated from the number of days worked and loss of pay. From the days worked the salary of the employee is calculated based on the basic pay, allowances and deductions. 2.4.2 DATA MODEL ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM Fig 2.4 Entity Relationship Diagram This fig 2.4 represents the Entity Relationship Diagram for Attendance System using Fingerprint. 2.4.3 USE CASE DIAGRAM Fig 2.5 Use Case Diagram This Fig 2.5 represents the Use Case Diagram for the Attendance System using Fingerprint. 2.4.4 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM Fig 2.6 Activity Diagram This Fig 2.6 represents the Activity Diagram of the Attendance System using Fingerprint. 2.5 TEST PLAN Test case no: 1 Description: Validating the administrator by providing Login Id and Password. Expected result: If incorrect Login Id or password was given an error message LOGIN INCORRECT will be displayed. Test case no: 2 Description: Validating the administrator by providing Login Id and Password. Expected result: If correct Login Id and password was given LOGIN CORRECT message will be displayed and control is transferred to Administrator form. Test case no: 3 Description: Capturing thumb impression of the employee. Expected result: If there is no matching record for the current thumb impression then No such employee message will be displayed. Test case no: 4 Description: Capturing thumb impression of the employee. Expected result: If there is matching record for the current thumb impression then attendance is marked for that employee. Test case no: 5 Description: Registering the new employee details. Expected result: Registered message will be displayed. CHAPTER III SYSTEM DESIGN This chapter includes various designs of the systems namely architectural design, database design, user interface design, module design and procedural design. 3.1 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN Attendance System Using Fingerprint Employee Detail Management Fingerprint Recognition Attendance Calculation Payroll Calculation Fig 3.1 Architectural Design This fig 3.1 represents the Architectural design of Attendance system using Fingerprint. This system is divided into four modules. They are Employee detail management Fingerprint Recognition Attendance calculation Payroll calculation EMPLOYEE DETAIL MANAGEMENT The administrator registers the details of new workers. He also registers the unique thumb code of the employee. The thumb code is generally an alphanumeric code. FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION The employee uses thumb scanner when he enters and leaves the work place The thumb scanner will generate the thumb code for the received impression. The generated code is matched with the stored thumb code in the database. If there is no match for the generated code an error message will be displayed. ATTENDANCE CALCULATION The attendance is marked for the matched impressions. The time duration between in-time and out-time is calculated The time duration is stored as hours worked by the employee. Each time when the out-time is marked the duration is calculated and hours worked (field) is updated. PAYROLL CALCULATION The loss of pay will be used to calculate net pay for the employee. Salary calculation includes monthly attendance, loss of pay, the allowance such as HRA, DA and deductions such as PF, LIC. 3.2 DATABASE DESIGN TABLE NAME : EMPLOYEE Table 3.1 Field Name Data Type Constraint Description E_Id Int(4) Primarykey Id of the employee E_Name Varchar(20) Notnull Name of the employee Dob Datetime(8) Notnull Date of Birth Sex Varchar(6) Notnull Male/Female t_code Varchar(500) ForeignKey Thumb code of the emp Address Varchar(25) Notnull the employee address Phno Int(4) Null Contact Number dateofjoin Datetime(8) Not null Date Of Join Mobileno Int(4) Null Contact mobile number Dept_name Varchar(25) Not null Name of the department. This Employee table includes the employee details of Attendance System Using Fingerprint. TABLE NAME: THUMBSCANNER Table 3.2 Field Name Data Type Constraint Description T_code Varchar(25) Primarykey Thumb code of the employee E_id Int(4) ForeignKey Id of the employee This thumb scanner table includes the thumb code and employee id of Attendance System Using Fingerprint. TABLE NAME: ATTENDANCE Table 3.3 Field Name Data Type Constraint Description t_code Varchar(25) Foreignkey Thumb code of the employee Intime Datetime(8) Null User entry time Outtime Datetime(8) Null User outtime Hrsworked Int(4) null Difference between in and out time Totaldays Int(4) Notnull Days worked in a month This attendance table includes the Hours worked field that is determined from the difference between the times. From the Hours worked field total days is calculated. TABLE NAME: LEAVE Table 3.4 Field Name Data Type Constraint Description E_Id Int(4) Foreign key Id of the employee Medicalleave Int(4) null Remaining medical leave Casualleave Int(4) null Remaining casual leave Leavetaken Int(4) null Leaves taken in the month. This leave table includes the leave taken by the employee for the month. TABLE NAME: SALARY Table 3.5 Field Name Data Type Constraint Description E_Id Int(4) Foreignkey Id of the empoloyee Basicpay Float(8) notnull Basic pay of the employee Pf Float(8) notnull pf% for the employee LIC Float(8) notnull LIC% for the employee Netpay Float(8) notnull Salary for the employee Lossofpay Int(4) null Loss of pay for the employee Grosspay Float(8) Notnull Grosspay of the employee. Hra Float(8) Notnull Hra% for the employee. da Float(8) Notnull da% for the employee. 3.3 USER INTERFACE DESIGN MAIN FORM Screen 3.1 This Screen 3.1 is the main form of Attendance System using Fingerprint. MAIN FORM SHOWING MENU OPTIONS Screen 3.2 This Screen 3.2 is the main form of Attendance System using Fingerprint. In the main menu when employee is selected user and admin options will be shown. ADMINISTRATOR LOGIN FORM Screen 3.3 This Screen 3.3 represents the administrator login. Here the password and login should given by the administrator. ADMIN FORM Screen 3.4 This Screen 3.4 represents the administrator form. This form will be shown only when the password and login in the admin form is correct. ADMIN FORM SHOWING SUBMENUS Screen 3.5 This Screen 3.5 represents the administrator form. This form represents the choices in the main menu. REGISTRATION FORM Screen 3.6 This Screen 3.6 represents the registration form. Administrator gets the details from the new employee and stores it in the database. ADMIN FORM SHOWING MENU OPTIONS Screen 3.7 This Screen 3.7 represents the administrator form. This form represents the subdivision in the main menu. VIEW FORM Screen 3.8 This Screen 3.8 represents the view form. 0Administrator will select the id from the combo box if he needed to know the details of the employee. MAIN FORM SHOWING VIEW OPTIONS Screen 3.9 This Screen 3.9 represents the main form of the attendance system using fingerprint. LEAVE FORM Screen 3.10 This Screen 3.10 represents the leave form. Here the employees have to select the date of leave. SALARY FORM Screen 3.11 This Screen 3.11 represents the salary form. The salary of the employee will be displayed with his name. MAIN FORM SHOWING MENU OPTIONS Screen 3.12 This Screen 3.12 is the main form of Attendance System using Fingerprint. In the main menu when employee is selected user and admin options will be shown. ATTENDANCE FORM Screen 3.13 This Screen 3.13 is the Attendance form of Attendance System using Fingerprint. This form displays the details of the employee when the current thumb impression matched with the impression stored in the database. 3.4 PROCEDURAL DESIGN EMPLOYEE DETAIL MANAGEMENT Start Administrator gets new employee details Stores into database Stop Fig 3.2 This fig 3.2 represents the procedural design of employee detail management module of Attendance system using fingerprint. FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION Stop Fig 3.3 This fig 3.3 represents the procedural design of fingerprint recognition module of Attendance system using fingerprint. ATTENDANCE CALCULATION Start Recognize the employee Marks in-time and out-time Hours worked per day is calculated Days worked is calculated Stop Fig 3.4 This fig 3.4 represents the procedural design of attendance calculation module of Attendance system using fingerprint. PAYROLL CALCULATION Start Basic pay, hra, da, lic, pf are retrieved from database Loss of pay is calculated for leave taken by the employee Net pay is calculated from allowances, deductions and loss of pay Stop Fig 3.5 This fig 3.5 represents the procedural design of payroll calculation module of Attendance system using fingerprint. CHAPTER IV TESTING AND IMPLEMENTATION 4.1 TEST REPORTS Test case no Description Iteration No Expected result Actual Result Reasons for Failure 1 Validating the administrator by providing Login Id and Password. 1 Login correct Incorrect login Login Id and Password are incorrect. 1 Validating the administrator by providing Login Id and Password. 2 Login correct Correct login 2 Capturing thumb impression of the employee 1 Submitted Submitted 3 Registering the new employee details 1 Registered Registered 4 Invalid person places the thumb impression 1 No matching record No matching record 4.2 SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION STEP 1: Start the process. STEP 2: Employee places the thumb on the thumb scanner. STEP 3: The scanner generates thumb code corresponding to the thumb impression. STEP 4: This code is matched with the already stored code in the database. STEP 5: If there is a match, the employee ID and employee name is retrieved from the employee table and present time is marked as intime or outtime correspondingly to the entry or exit of the employee. STEP 6: If no match occurs then No Record for the Employee message will be displayed. STEP 7: The difference between intime and outtime is marked as hours worked and each time when the employee goes out the hours worked field is updated in the database. STEP 8: According to the total no of hours worked by the employee ,attendance is marked (as half day or full day). STEP 9: The total number of days worked in the month is calculated. STEP 10: Accordingly no of leave taken by the employee is noted. STEP 11: If the casual leave and medical leave taken by him is more than the allotted leave then it is considered to be the loss of pay. STEP 12: The allowances such as HRA, DA are added and the deductions such as PF, LIC, loss of pay are deduced from the basic pay and thus the net pay is calculated. STEP 13: To include a new employee the administrator has to be logged in using the login-id and password. STEP 14: He registers the employee details such as employee-id, employee-name, date-of-birth, date-of-join, mobile-no, sex and address. STEP 15: Stop the execution. CHAPTER V CONCLUSION The use of computerized approach in employee recognition reduces lot of time and provides more security and accuracy. The system is very flexible and user friendly. Further enhancements can me made with less effort. Modification can be made to the system with out much difficulty. The system is easy to access, understand and recognition of thumb impression enables the administration to do the attendance calculation work with less effort. There is a scope for enhancement of the project in terms of advanced technologies and uploading facilities. FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS The adopting of Object Oriented Design (OOD) methodology in handling the software development makes it easy to accommodate changes, maintain, enhancements in future and upgradeability. The use of Database methods in this project enhances easy maintainability. As these mechanisms are reused, the development of newer modules and upgrading of the software to newer technology is effortless and straight forward.
Wednesday, October 2, 2019
lord of the flies piggy analysis Essay -- essays research papers
Piggy Character Analysis      Piggy in the beginning of the book was using his common sense, he was intelligent, he knew what was right from wrong, and he could condone things that made him angry easily. In the beginning of the book, (pg. ) Ralph told everyone his name was Piggy even though Piggy specifically told Ralph that he didn't like to be called that name Piggy later condoned Ralph's action with great ease. Piggy's action's and behavior depended on his glasses. Piggy and his glasses symbolized intelligence, he represents the rational side of civilization. With the glasses it seemed as though Piggy made all the right choices, and he helped Ralph know what needed to be done with the tribe. Without his glasses Piggy couldn't see i.e, Piggy was useless without his glasses.      Dramatic changes occurred after the tribe killed Simon.(pg. ) Savage Piggy blamed the murder on Simon himself for crawling around at night. But civil Piggy would have blamed the murder on the boys and himself and would have brought it up constantly. By the end of the book piggy was not what he was in the begging he changed dramatically from being loquacious about what he knew to being loquacious and just rabbling.      Piggy fits into the theme of intellectual aspect of civilization because he was the one who thought of coming up with rules/ norms. (Pg. ) He also brought the civilization of england onto the island. If Pi...
Tuesday, October 1, 2019
Is Shortening the Length of College the Answer? Essay -- Education Col
With most of the world economy trying to recover from the reeling affect of the global recession over the past two years, a new education concept seems to be emerging. In recent times, authors like Jennifer Epstein and Lamar Alexander have posted articles on websites, such as USAToday.com and Newsweek.com explaining how giving newer opportunities to students to finish their four year bachelor’s degree within three years will prove extremely beneficial. While both the authors sport similar sentiments, we will take into consideration those as projected by Jennifer Epstein. The article is a comprehensive piece explaining how most students will benefit from the introduction of three-year courses within universities, especially in terms of monetary benefits. While most of the arguments presented by the author in favor of three-year degrees stand valid, it may be taken into account that some of the crucial aspects with regards to the education system remain untouched and unexplored. If these few unexplored facets were to be considered, I am sure the conclusion of the author’s article might have differed alternately. In the counter-arguments I present further on in the paper, I will explore how introduction of three- year degree courses would rather mar the entire purpose of higher education and how the students will relatively suffer intermittently if subjected to the said change. However, to be fair to our opponent, we will first consider and reflect upon the points mentioned by her. Jennifer Epstein is of the view that with the downturn in economy, it has become extremely difficult for the college students to manage to pay for the college fees. Further, with incessantly rising costs, the entire task of meeting the expense of a coll... ...ly well students remain as a minority. If one does not take into account the arguments mentioned above, the future workforce of America looks incompetent. Without the proper education and training that can only be provided to them through a thorough education process involving the entire four years’ rigorous training, the students of today and the workforce of tomorrow will face grave imperils. This will in turn affect the entire nation’s future as well. Therefore, I suggest that before taking any major resolution, the policy makers and educators should take all these factors in account. Works Cited Jennifer Epstein. "More colleges offering 3-year degrees." USAToday 11 Mar. 2010: Lamar Alexander. "The Three-Year Solution." NewsWeek 17 Oct. 2009: Valerie Strauss. "Colleges Consider 3-Year Degrees To Save Undergrads Time, Money." Washingtonpost, 2009.
Kerala Essay
Kerala, the ‘God’s Own Country’, lies in the extreme Southern part of India. It has an area of 38863 sq. km and a population of 3. 18 crores. Kochi, or more familiarly, Cochin is a city of many parts. Around for a long, long time, Kochi played a pivotal role in the development of shipping and trade in the region. Kochi’s prime location on the west coast, its fine bay and protected harbor made it popular with seafarers and merchant ships who made frequent stops to stock up on spices, coffee and wood enroute to the rich markets of Europe and West Asia. And so down the ages, Kochi prospered as a busy port city and commercial centre. Its seafront is still extremely relevant to Cochin and to India: it houses a Naval Base and one of India’s busiest ports. It’s twin city, Ernakulam, is an important railhead and industrial centre. Kerala – God’s own Country tagline has been used because of its location, landscaping and its surroundings. It is the amalgamation of lush and tropical Malabar Coast on the west along with verdant backwaters in the centre ranging from Cochin to Kollam and Nilgiri mountain range covered with tea plantations in the east. Kerala†¦ The God’s own country Kerala, meaning â€Å"land of coconut trees†, is one of the relatively well kept secrets of all the exotic destinations in the world. However, Kerala’s popularity has increased over recent years. National Geographic†travel magazine lists Kerala among the fifty must see locations in the world. Not surpirisingly, the State Tourism Department promotes Kerala’s natural beauty, breathtaking lush landscape and tropical beaches as â€Å"God’s own country†. The result has been a signifiant influx of tourists and foreign visitors. The Sanskrit saying â€Å"athithi devo bhava†( treat your guest like God, with respect and honour) is ingrained in the collective ethos of the people of Kerala.
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